How then account for the fact that these men, who in Christ’s lifetime did not stand up to the attacks by the Jews, set forth to do battle with the whole world once Christ was dead – if, as you claim, Christ did not rise and speak to them and rouse their courage?…It is evident, then, that if they had not seen him risen and had proof of his power, they would not have risked so much. (Saint John Chrysostom)